For hexagonal nuts, the commonly used standards are: GB52, GB6170, GB6172 and DIN934. The main differences between them are: the thickness of GB6170 is thicker than that of GB52, GB6172 and DIN934, commonly known as thick nuts. The other is the difference between the opposite sides, the opposite sides of DIN934, GB6170 and GB6172 in the M8 nut series are 13MM smaller than the opposite side 14MM of GB52, and the opposite sides of M10 nuts, DIN934 and GB52 are 17MM. The opposite side of GB6170 and GB6172 should be 1MM larger, M12 nut, DIN934, GB52's opposite side is 19MM larger than GB6170 and GB6172's opposite side 18MM is 1MM larger. For M14 nuts, the opposite side of DIN934 and GB52 is 22MM, which is 1MM larger than the opposite side of GB6170 and GB6172, which is 21MM. The other is the M22 nut. The opposite side of DIN934 and GB52 is 32MM, which is 2MM smaller than the opposite side of GB6170 and GB6172, which is 34MM. (Besides the thickness of GB6170 and GB6172 are the same, the width of the opposite side is exactly the same) The rest of the specifications can be used in general without considering the thickness.
Yueluo relates to a self-tapping screw according to the preamble of claim 1. A self-tapping screw is known from EP0623759B1, the ratio of the outer diameter to the smaller diameter of the self-tapping screw is about 1.25-1.5, the ratio of the outer diameter to the pitch lead is about 1.5-1.6 and the thread The flank angles of , are < 50° and ≥ 35°. EP0433484B1 proposes a self-tapping screw whose thread is provided with cutting teeth of approximately arcuate design, and the cutting edge and the thread crest are at the same horizontal position and are set in opposite directions. One purpose of Yueluo is to realize a general type of self-tapping screw so that it can be screwed particularly easily into holes drilled in concrete or other materials such as bricks and the like. According to Yueluo, this object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1, and surprisingly, it has been found that the parallel arrangement of the flanks, ie with a flank angle of about 0°, will make screwing particularly easy when screwing in , especially if the diameter of the hole varies within an allowable tolerance. One reason may be due to the fact that there is no lateral pressure on the material screwed into the thread, even if threads of different depths are cut in concrete or other materials such as brick, chipped plywood, or hardwood. The thread cuts into the material over its entire width by cutting grooves. In particular according to the embodiment of claim 13 the material cut out when screwing in the screw can be discharged without any accumulation, the dependent claims reflecting many advantages of further embodiments.
1. The expansion phenomenon of the spring washer is generally not the problem of the spring washer itself. 2. The spring washer with the expansion ring must be subjected to a radial external tension. The external tension is derived from the tightening axial force generated by the tightening torque. The chamfer creates a radial component of the axial clamping force, which expands the opening of the spring washer. The smaller the chamfer diameter, the greater the possibility of ring expansion. 4. Adding a flat washer between the nut and the spring washer helps to slow down or prevent the expansion of the ring, but the flat washer is too thin or too soft. Prevent ring expansion 5. The reason for the hydrogen embrittlement fracture of spring washers is generally due to unreasonable heat treatment process and the failure of hydrogen removal treatment after electro-galvanizing. A large number of tests and long-term practical experience have confirmed the above analysis.
The force condition of the screw is broadcasted: 1) Self-weight G; 2) Torque M required to overcome material resistance; 3) Axial force P generated by material pressure. Screw screw screw is generally scrapped due to long-term wear, the gap between the screw and the barrel is too large and cannot be extruded normally, but there are also examples of damage due to improper design or improper operation. Therefore, the screw should also meet certain strength requirements. 4) The dangerous section of the screw is generally at the smallest thread root diameter in the feeding section. According to material mechanics, for plastic materials, the composite stress is calculated by the third strength theory, and its strength conditions are:
Riveting is a method for combining two pieces of metal. Therefore, riveting technology is often used to fasten rivets such as nuts or rivets to metal sheets.
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