What is the tolerance range of precision screws?
What is the tolerance range of precision screws?
flat washer is also called a flat washer. It is mainly stamped out of an iron plate. The shape is generally a flat washer with a hole in the middle. The size of this hole is generally determined according to customer requirements. There are 9 standards for flat washers in my country. From 2000 to 2002, GB/T97.3-2000, GB/T5286-2001, GB/T95-2002, GB/T96.1-2002, GB/T96.2 were approved and released respectively. -2002, GB/T97.1-2002, GB/T97.2-2002, GB/T97.4-2002 and GB/T5287-2002 Standard for flat washers. According to the performance grade of the flat washer, the author recommends the use of materials: ST12, ST13, Q235, Q215, Q195, etc. can be selected for the 100HV grade, and the surface hardness can reach about 110HV; 08F, 08Al, 10, 10F, etc. can be selected for the 140HV grade etc., the surface hardness can reach about 140HV; for 200HV and 300HV grades, 45, 50, 60, 70 or 65Mn steel should be selected, which can be quenched and tempered by heat treatment to meet the technical requirements of 200~300HV and 300~400HV. Because according to the standard, flat washers of 100HV and 140HV grades can be manufactured from mild steel. Most enterprises use Baosteel materials when selecting materials, which is convenient for cold stamping. The following is a brief description of Baosteel's standards. Compared with the BZJ407-1999 standard, there are major changes in Continuous Cold Rolled Low-Carbon Steel Plates and Strips and the enterprise standard: (1) The grades have been revised and integrated, and the grades have been changed from 8 commonly used to 5. St12 is changed to DC01; ST13 is changed to DC03; St14, St15 is changed to DC04; BSC2 is changed to DC05; St16, St14-T, BSC3 is changed to DC06. (2) The surface quality level is changed from two to three: the higher-level finishing surface (FB), the surface is allowed to have a small amount of defects that do not affect the formability and coating and plating adhesion, such as slight scratches, indentations, Pock, roll printing and oxidation color, etc. Premium Finished Surface (FC) products have no visible defects on the better of the two sides and must meet at least FB requirements on the other side. The super-advanced finishing (FD) product must not have any defects on the better side of the two sides, that is, it cannot affect the appearance quality after painting or the appearance quality after electroplating, and the other side must at least meet the requirements of FB. (3) The surface structure is modified from four to two, and the control value of surface roughness is increased. The average roughness Ra when the surface structure is pitted (D) is 0.6 μm. (4) The provisions on Si and residual elements in the chemical composition of the five grades have been cancelled, and the contents of elements such as C, S, and Alt have been revised.
Drilling screw is a new invention of people in recent years. A screw is a common term for fasteners, an everyday colloquial language. The tail of the drill tail screw is in the shape of a drill tail or a pointed tail, and no auxiliary processing is required. Drilling, tapping and locking can be directly carried out on the setting material and basic material, which greatly saves construction time. Compared with ordinary screws, its toughness and pull-out force and maintenance force are high, and it will not loosen for a long time after combination. It is easy to use safe drilling and tapping in one operation. Drill tail screw Drill tail screw use: It is a kind of screw, mainly used in the fixing of color steel tiles of steel structures, and can also be used for thin plate fixing of simple buildings. It cannot be used for metal-to-metal bonding. Materials and models The materials are iron and stainless steel, of which stainless steel is divided into various materials. Models are: Φ4.2/ Φ4.8/ Φ5.5/ Φ6.3mm, the specific length can be agreed upon request. According to the different drill tails, it can be divided into: round head rice / cross / plum blossom, countersunk head (flat head) / rice seed / cross / plum blossom, hexagonal washer, round head washer (big flat head), horn head, etc.
Commonly used national standard GB41Ⅰ type hexagon nut——C grade GB6170Ⅰ type hexagonal nut——, B grade GB6171Ⅰ type hexagonal nut-fine thread-, B grade GB6172 hexagonal thin nut——, B grade - chamfering GB6173 hexagonal thin nut—— Fine thread—, B grade GB6174 hexagonal thin nut—B grade—without chamfering
The first person to describe the spiral was the Greek scientist Archimedes (c. 287 BC - 212 BC). An Archimedes screw is a huge spiral contained in a wooden cylinder that is used to irrigate fields by raising water from one level to another. The real inventor may not be Archimedes himself. Maybe he was just describing something that already existed. It may have been designed by the skilled craftsmen of ancient Egypt for irrigation on both sides of the Nile. In the Middle Ages, carpenters used wooden or metal nails to attach furniture to wooden structures. In the 16th century, nail makers began producing nails with a helical thread, which were used to connect things more securely. That's a small step from these kinds of nails to screws. Around 1550 AD, the metal nuts and bolts that first appeared in Europe as fasteners were all made by hand on a simple wooden lathe. Screwdrivers (screw chisels) appeared in London around 1780. Carpenters have found that tightening a screw with a screwdriver holds things in place better than hitting with a hammer, especially with fine-grained screws. In 1797, Maudsley invented the all-metal precision screw lathe in London. The following year, Wilkinson built a nut and bolt making machine in the United States. Both machines produce universal nuts and bolts. Screws were quite popular as fixings because an inexpensive method of production had been found at that time. In 1836, Henry M. Philips applied for a patent for a screw with a cross recessed head, which marked a major advance in screw base technology. Unlike traditional slotted head screws, Phillips head screws have the edge of the head of the Phillips head screw. This design makes the screwdriver self-centered and not easy to slip out, so it is very popular. Universal nuts and bolts can connect metal parts together, so by the 19th century, the wood used to make machines to build houses could be replaced by metal bolts and nuts. Now the function of the screw is mainly to connect the two workpieces together and play the role of fastening. The screw is used in general equipment, such as mobile phones, computers, automobiles, bicycles, various machine tools and equipment, and almost all machines. need to use screws. Screws are indispensable industrial necessities in daily life: extremely small screws used in cameras, glasses, clocks, electronics, etc.; general screws for televisions, electrical products, musical instruments, furniture, etc.
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